Treatment Methods

Table 2.1 Treatment Methods

Table 2.1 below is a general guide for treatment methods to remove unwanted contaminants.

Key:

  • CW  = A "Polymer Floating Filter" process technology plant
  • X = Is preformed in CW filter plants
  • O = Optional, added for high pathogen counts
  • A = The "anion" oxidation action in our filter media

Clean Water Technologies Ltd filter plants incorporate the least cost "Treatment Process(es)" in combination to achieve the required clean water quality.

Symbol Treatment Process Type CW
ACF Activated Carbon Filter Chemical  
AS Air Stripping Aeration and Hydraulic  X
C Chlorination Chemical  
D Distillation High Temperature  
C-A E Cation or Anion Exchange Aeration (or Chemical) XA
MF Mechanical Filtration Hydraulic  X
RO Reverse Osmosis Chemical  
O Ozonation Electrical or chemical  O
OF Oxidizing Filters Aeration and Hydraulic  X
UV UltraViolet radiation Electrical  O

NOTES to reading table 2.2 below

Table 2.2 - A General Guide

General guide for treatment methods to remove unwanted constituents from source water (www.midwestlabs.com).

  • (0) Oxidation by way of intense aeration
  • (1) X Denotes part or all of constituent removal
  • (2) Followed by mechanical filtration or activated carbon filter.
  • (3) Mercury only
  • (4) Barium only
  • (5) In low concentrations
  • (6) Anion exchange will remove nitrates, but not cation exch.
  • (7) Obtain expert advice for specific pesticide treatments.
  • (8) Good for high boiling point volatiles
Treatment Method Key ACF AS C D C-A E MF RO UV OZ OF
Clean Water "deferum" methods CW "Deferum"   Yes     Yes Yes   Option Option Yes
CONSTITUENT                      
Chlorine   X(1)                  
Coliform bacteria, other micro organisms O     X         X X  
Color (C)-A E + OF X   X   X       X X(O)
Hydrogen Sulphide AS   X X           X(2) X
Inorganics: Some macrominerals and heavy metals (e.g. mercury, arsenic,cadmium, barium) (C)-A E X(3)     X X(4)   X      
Iron / manganese - dissolved (C)-A E + OF     X(2)   X(5)       X(2) X
Iron / manganese - insoluble MF + OF           X       X
Nitrate (C)-A E (6)       X X(6)   X      
Odor and off taste AS + (C)-A E X X X X X   X   X  
Some pesticides   X(7)           X(7)      
Radium (C)-A E       X X   X      
Radon gas AS X X                
Salt         X     X      
Sand, silt, clay (turbidity) MF           X        
Volatile organic chemicals AS X X   X(8)     X      
Water Hardness (C)-A E         X